国企改革

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大家好，欢迎来到碰词儿现场！2018是中国改革开放40周年，在这一历程中，国企改革是贯穿始终的主线。在十三五期间，国企改革也仍是一部重头戏。因此，我们今天就来谈谈国企改革。

国企改革是中国经济体制改革的中心环节。1979年国务院发布《关于扩大国营工业企业经营管理自主权的若干规定》，标志着国有企业改革的开始。历经放权让利（1978-1984）、权利分离（1985-1992）、现代化（1993-2002）、股份制（2003-2013）、混合所有制改革（2013-2015）五个阶段，中国国有企业已基本完成向市场主体的转变。

2015年中共中央、国务院颁布《关于深化国有企业改革的指导意见》，标志着国企改革进入新阶段，并以其为中心构成“1+N”改革主体框架。2018年政府工作报告提出，国有企业要通过改革创新，走在高质量发展前列。在新时代，国企改革将继续向广度和深度推进，以实现国有企业高目标、高层次、高水平的大发展、快发展。

 Hello! Welcome to About China! 2018 marks the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up, the reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) has been a thread running through the process. Besides, it still plays a critical part in the 13th five-year plan. Therefore, today we will talk about SOE reform. 

 SOE reform is central to the China’s economic system reform. In 1979, "Several Rules Concerning the Expansion of Managerial and Marketing Autonomy in State-owned Industrial Enterprises” published by the State Council kicked off the reform of SOEs. After five stages of reform: separating government administration from enterprise management (1978-1984), separating ownership from management power (1985-1992), establishing modern enterprise system (1993-2002), making the joint-stock enterprise a major form of public ownership, further promoting mixed ownership (2013-2015), now the transformation of China’s SOEs to market entities have completed on the whole. 

 In 2015, “Guiding Opinions of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council on Deepening the Reform of State-Owned Enterprises” was released, which marked a new chapter of SOE reform, and around which a major framework of “1+N” has been constructed. According to the Report on the Work of the Government delivered in 2018, SOEs should become front-runners in pursuing high-quality development through reform and innovation. In the new era, SOE reform is to be continually broadened and deepened in order to ensure immense progress and rapid development of high goal, high level and high standard.

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