《求是》杂志发表习近平总书记重要文章《提高防灾减灾救灾能力》

8月16日出版的第16期《求是》杂志将发表中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平的重要文章《提高防灾减灾救灾能力》。

文章强调，我国国土广袤、地理复杂、气候多样，自然灾害易发多发。党的十八大以来，党中央坚持把防灾减灾救灾工作作为关系人民安危和国家安全的大事来抓，在理念转变、体制改革、体系建设、能力提升等方面作出许多部署，带领广大干部群众战胜一系列重特大自然灾害，最大限度减少人员伤亡和财产损失，成效举世公认。做好防灾减灾救灾工作，必须坚持党的全面领导，坚持人民至上、生命至上，坚持尊重自然规律，坚持预防为主，坚持改革创新，坚持系统观念，坚持社会共治。这些宝贵经验要坚持好运用好，并结合新的实际不断丰富和发展。

文章指出，当前，我国防灾减灾救灾工作面临不少新情况新问题。要站在统筹高质量发展和高水平安全的战略高度，充分认识做好防灾减灾救灾工作的极端重要性，着力扬优势、补短板、强弱项，不断提高防范应对各类自然灾害的能力和水平，切实维护人民群众生命财产安全和社会稳定，确保中国式现代化行稳致远。

文章指出，要推动灾害治理向事前预防转型。坚持源头管控，将安全韧性要求贯穿国土空间规划及各类建设规划之中，有效规避自然灾害风险。加强隐患排查，系统梳理、精准识别各类灾害风险。强化工程治理，合理提高重要城市和灾害多发地区关键基础设施设防标准，加紧补齐北方地区防洪排涝抗灾基础设施短板。加强对高风险地段的重点防控，有效压降存量风险、遏制新增风险。

文章指出，要提升大灾巨灾应对处置能力。树牢底线思维、极限思维，深入研判大灾巨灾风险，不断完善应急预案，把困难和挑战估计得更充分一些，把工作举措考虑得更周全一些。健全监测预警体系，提高预警的及时性、精准性、通达性。健全大安全大应急框架下应急指挥机制，确保关键时刻拉得出、冲得上、打得赢。统筹做好综合救援、过渡安置和恢复重建工作，防止自然灾害风险传导和扩散。我们是社会主义国家，一定要在每一次大灾大考中交出优异答卷，充分彰显社会主义制度的优越性。

文章指出，要强化科技支撑和法治保障。科技方面，要充分发挥新型举国体制优势，推动应急领域科技创新和产业创新，加强应急学科建设和人才培养，深入开展自然灾害基础研究，推进关键技术攻关，深化国际防灾减灾救灾科技交流合作。法治方面，要健全应急领域法治体系，把完善立法和严格执法结合起来，进一步提升防灾减灾救灾法治化水平。

文章指出，要夯实防灾减灾救灾基层基础。基层是抵御自然灾害的第一线，抓基层、强基础的工作始终不能放松。要完善基层应急救援力量体系，强化应急场所建设和物资装备保障。鼓励和支持社会应急力量建设，完善群测群防群治体系。加大防灾减灾救灾科普宣传力度，提高全民防灾避险意识和能力。

文章指出，要认真抓好责任落实。防灾减灾救灾涉及多个部门、多个灾种、多个环节，必须明晰职责分工，扣紧责任链条，攥指成拳形成合力。各地区各有关部门要守土尽责，坚持统分结合、防救衔接、上下联动，推动形成齐抓共管、协同配合的工作格局。

文章强调，做好防灾减灾救灾工作，要树立和践行正确政绩观，坚决纠正重发展轻安全、重救灾轻预防等倾向。要加强教育培训，着力提高各级干部的防灾减灾救灾能力，确保认识到位、责任到位、工作到位。

Xi's article on enhancing disaster management capabilities to be published

An article by Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, on enhancing disaster prevention, mitigation and relief capabilities will be published on Sunday.

The article by Xi, also Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, will be published in this year's 16th issue of the Qiushi Journal, a flagship magazine of the CPC Central Committee.

China has a vast territory, complex geography and diverse climate, making it prone to frequent natural disasters, the article says. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee has led officials and the public in overcoming a series of major natural disasters, minimizing casualties and property losses to the greatest extent possible, with achievements widely recognized by the international community.

According to the article, to ensure effective disaster prevention, mitigation and relief work, it is a must to uphold the Party's overall leadership, put people and their lives first, respect the laws of nature, prioritize prevention, pursue reform and innovation, take a systematic approach, and promote public participation.

China's disaster prevention, mitigation and relief work currently faces many new situations and challenges, the article says, stressing the need to fully recognize the utmost importance of such work, build on strengths, address weaknesses, and continuously improve the country's capabilities and competence to respond to natural disasters. Such efforts can help effectively safeguard people's lives and property, maintain social stability, and ensure steady and sustained progress in Chinese modernization.

The article calls for a more prevention-focused approach to disaster management, incorporating safety and resilience requirements into territorial spatial planning and various construction plans, and appropriately raising the disaster-resilience standards for key infrastructure in major cities and disaster-prone areas.

It is important to strengthen the response to major and catastrophic disasters, the article says, highlighting the need to conduct in-depth assessments of such disaster risks, continuously improve emergency response plans, and make early warnings more timely, accurate and accessible.

The article underscores efforts to strengthen support from science and technology and the rule of law, promote technological and industrial innovation in emergency management, and deepen international exchanges and cooperation in science and technology for disaster prevention, mitigation and relief.

Efforts should be made to consolidate the foundation of disaster prevention, mitigation and relief at the primary level, strengthen primary-level emergency rescue capabilities, and bolster support for the construction of emergency facilities and ensure supplies and equipment, according to the article.

The article notes that disaster prevention, mitigation and relief work requires clearly defined responsibilities, a tight chain of accountability, and concerted efforts.

To do a good job in disaster prevention, mitigation and relief, it is important to establish and practice a correct understanding of what it means to perform well, and firmly correct tendencies such as prioritizing development over safety and disaster relief over prevention, the article says.